Vitrified clay pipes are composed of crushed and blended clay that are formed into pipes, then dried and fired in a succession of temperatures where the final firing gives the pipes a glassy finish. Vitrified clay pipes have been used for hundreds of years and are strong, resistant to chemical corrosion, internal abrasion and external chemical attack. They are also heat resistant. It has been shown that the thermal expansion of vitrified clay pipes is less than many other types (such as DIP and PVC).

• Less toxins than PVC.
• Less air pollutants than PVC.
• Less solid waste for landfill than PVC.
• Less water used, and less wastewater generated than PVC.

• Life expectancy more than 150 years.
• Available in diameters of 100 to 1200 mm.
• Rigid pipe ensures trouble-free installation and performance.
• Highly engineered jointing system provides limited maintenance lifespan.
• New manufacturing processes eliminates traditional clay pipe inadequacies.

The advantages and disadvantages for specific pipe materials are listed in the table below. The primary advantages and disadvantages to consider for pipes used in sewer applications include those that are related to construction requirements, pressure requirements (force mains), depth of cover and cost.

AIC produces pipes as per the Saudi Arabian Standards (SASO 236) in two types (SS) & (ES), which are complying with European standards (EN 295-1).

Combatable classes between AIC and EN 295 are shown below:

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Pipe thickness is the main difference. (ES) pipes are thicker and have higher crushing strength, can resist higher loads in comparison to (SS) pipes. According to design criteria, (SS) or (ES) pipe may be specified.

All clay pipes have a permissible deviation from straightness of the barrel. According to standards, deviation from straightness shall be not greater than the values below:

GE, GZ & GA are special pieces used to maintain a high flexibility of the pipe line at the manhole areas.

GE: Short piece of pipe of socket/spigot type (25cm long), fixed through manhole wall and normally it has the length of the manhole wall thickness.

GZ: Short piece of pipe of socket/spigot type (75cm long), fixed at the inlet end of the manhole to absorb differential settlement or tilting movements of manhole and pipeline.

GA: Short piece of pipe of spigot/spigot type (75cm long), fixed at the outlet end of the manhole to absorb differential settlement or tilting movements of manhole and pipeline.

All clay pipes are fitted with flexible joints, which are fixed into the pipe socket (diameter of 100 and 150 mm) or molded on the pipe spigot and into socket (diameter of 200 mm and above).

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All clay pipes and fittings can be stored at open yard for definite periods. Only flexible joints part should be protected from sun by covering edge of the pipes, if they will not be used within 12 months period from date of delivery.

All clay pipes are tested strictly according to EN 295 standards (clause 9 of EN 295-3 & clause 2.14 of EN 295-1); hence you should follow with the testing procedures and parameters and should not exceed the testing limits, such like pressure of 0.5 bars and the total testing time of 75 min.

Clay pipes and fittings that produced according to EN 295 standards have a low hydraulic roughness. Typical values of average hydraulic roughness for clay pipes are from 0.02 to 0.05 mm.

Clay pipes and fittings that produced according to EN 295 standards are resistant to abrasion. Typical values of average abrasion resistance for clay pipes are from 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

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As design of bedding type is related to trench depth and width, hence any change in these factors, may affect the bedding type required for safe installation of pipeline. If trench depth/width has over excavated, then you should check the suitability of using the same bedding type.

There is a special lubricant used to connect both ends of pipe, which enough quantity is supplied free of charge with the pipes. One should only use the supplied lubricant of AIC and no other type of lubricant may be used, as this may affect/harm the quality of jointing materials of the pipes.

A special cutting ring is available to cut diameters of 100 & 150 mm. Clay pipes up to diameter 450 may be cut at site according to site conditions and as required, by using special cutting chain which is available at AIC. Bigger sizes can be cut carefully by using cutting disc.

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Laying clay pipes is very easy as push and fit operation. Detailed explanation on the steps to be followed can be found in AIC brochures and catalogues.